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Elements in group 1-2, 13-18, the number of valence electrons is related to the group number. For example, in the first group, the alkali metals there is one valence electron, however in group 13, there are 3 valence electrons. Valence electrons are also known as the outershell electrons.
3 C6H12O6,
C=3*6=18 Carbon atoms
H=3*12=36 Hydrogen atoms
O=6*3=18 Oxygen atoms