The difference between a hypothesis and a prediction is that a hypothesis is a tentative idea or question that is waiting for evidence to support or refute it, while a prediction is a guess at the outcome of a hypothesis. Also, a hypothesis comes first before the prediction.
Japan is democratic.
Even though Japan has an Emperor (Emperor Akihito), it also has a Parliament (the National Diet). This means that the Emperor's powers are limited/balanced, while the Parliamentary members are elected (see Prime Minister Shinzou Abe).
The correct answer is - A. The Ottoman empire once controlled these countries.
The Ottoman empire controlled these territories for around five centuries. During that period, the Ottomans managed to force and convince some of the population to practice their religion. The Ottomans were practicing Islam, Sunny Islam to be more specific, so some people in what are now Albania, Kosovo, and Bosnia and Herzegovina became Sunny Muslims too, mainly in order to have some benefits like avoiding or paying less tax.
Over time, because of the higher birthrate, the Muslim population became the dominant one in these countries, so the once Catholic Albania, Orthodox Christian Kosovo, and partially Catholic partially Orthodox Christian Bosnia and Herzegovina became predominantly Muslim countries.
One danger of a positive feedback loop is that "if too many new jobs are allowed to enter the job stream, the result can be an increase in page faults." However, a positive feedback loop can still function as an "amplifier" which could change the equilibrium state of a system into unstable.
