Question

Some athletic women, in their obsession to lose weight , consume a very low calorie and low protein diet " Vegetarian" diet . This low calorie food intake can lead to amenorrhea (loss of regular menstrual cycle) and protein deficiency.

Answer 1

Low calorie food intake can lead to amenorrhea (loss of regular menstrual cycle) and protein deficiency.

What is amenorrhea and protein deficiency and its effects?

• Female athletes, find it difficult to meet energy and nutrient needs while maintaining a low fat or body weight considered optimal for sports performance. Thus, they often restrict energy intake(EI) to make weight goals.
• Low EI, combined with high levels of exercise, increases the risk of developing exercise-related menstrual dysfunction (ExMD) and poor bone health.
• ExMD can be high in physically active women, ranging from 0% to 60%, and occurs across a continuum from mild disruptions in menses (no ovulation or luteal phase deficiency) to oligomenorrhea (cycles ≥ 35 day) and amenorrhea (no menses for >90 day.
• Low energy availability (EA) (i.e., energy remaining for body functions after exercise training) may lead to menstrual dysfunction through a leptin-controlled pathway.
• In ExMD, females have low leptin levels that contribute to the disruption of luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatility via interference of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulsatile.
• Sequentially, the ovaries decrease production of estrogen and progesterone, the hormones responsible for triggering the lining and egg of the uterus to be shed (menstruation) resulting in abnormal menses.
• Adequate dietary protein is important for supporting physiological adaptations to exercise, there is a growing need to determine the protein requirements for pre-menopausal
• athletes that address the influence of endogenous and exogenous hormones and potential metabolic
• potential metabolic interactions with different types of exercise.

To learn more about amenorrhea: brainly.com/question/8466982

#SPJ4