Answer:
α = 0 if β= 0
Explanation:
If both species want to persist in the same environment and their niches are also over lapping then both of the co-efficient values should be equal. There are two possibilities on these values for persistence. One is that one should compromise to the change produced by the invasive specie and two is that the new specie should compromise if he wants to stay (<em><u>Assuming that there is no competition</u></em>). In this way their niches won't overlap to a greater extent and therefore better chances of survival for both.
<span><span>Mitosis is the process in which cells divide to
form new cells. The cell that is being described under the microscope is
already in the Anaphase stage in mitosis.
Anaphase is the process in which two sister chromatids separate and move to
opposite poles of the cell. These two sister chromatids contain identical
copies of DNA that are joined at the middle called centromere. The chromosomes
are separated by the mitotic spindle. Towards the end of the anaphase</span> the two sister chromatids now have their two
separate poles. The mitotic process then proceeds to the
Telophase.</span>
Obligate parthenogenesis is the process in which organisms exclusively reproduce through asexual means. Many species have been shown to transition to obligate parthenogenesis over evolutionary time.
The correct answer is D. Caulerpa
Explanation:
Protists are a type of unicellular organisms that are eukaryotic which means they contain a defined nucleus but that are not plants, animals or fungus. Considering protists only contain one cell in most of the cases they are small or restricted in size this includes Dictyostelium which are microscopic organisms that consume bacteria and plasmodium. However, in the case of Caulerpa, these are not limited to size as Caulerpa is a type of alga that has macroscopic cells and indeed in some cases can be around 3 meters long. On the other hand, Ulva is also an alga but is considered in the plants' domain and therefore is not a protist. Therefore the one that contradicts contradict the statement that unicellularity restricts cell size in protists is the Caulerpa.
To be clear, abiotic means non living things. The only thing that is living in the answer choices is C) fish population. Hope that helps.
