The appropriate answer is d. a topographic maps. A topographic map shows the physical features of the earth's surface. A topographic map would therefore highlight features such as mountains, valleys, rivers and other landforms. The height above sea level of these landforms are represented on the map by contour lines. These are lines on a map that show the height of the land. Colour is sometimes used to represent height if contours are not used.
Long term: I could either help a species have more genetic variation or wipe out an entire species. Short term: it could decrease food resources for other species.
Recombinant DNA technology is used to make transgenic organisms. Genetic material from one specie is inserted into the genome of another thus modifying its characteristics. There are several ways of doing this including electroporation and transduction. This process is referred to as genetic engineering.