Answer:
Parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system
Introduction The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Its general function is to control homeostasis and the body's rest-and-digest response. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Its general action is to mobilize the body's fight-or-flight response.
Function Control the body's response while at rest. Control the body's response during perceived threat.
Originates in Sacral region of spinal cord, medulla, cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10 Thoracic and lumbar regions of spinal cord
Activates response of Rest and digest Fight-or-flight
Neuron Pathways Longer pathways, slower system Very short neurons, faster system
General Body Response Counterbalance; restores body to state of calm. Body speeds up, tenses up, becomes more alert. Functions not critical to survival shut down.
Cardiovascular System (heart rate) Decreases heart rate Increases contraction, heart rate
Pulmonary System (lungs) Bronchial tubes constrict Bronchial tubes dilate
Musculoskeletal System Muscles relax Muscles contract
Pupils Constrict Dilate
Gastrointestinal System Increases stomach movement and secretions Decreases stomach movement and secretions
Salivary Glands Saliva production increases Saliva production decreases
Adrenal Gland No involvement Releases adrenaline
Glycogen to Glucose Conversion No involvement Increases; converts glycogen to glucose for muscle energy
Urinary Response Increase in urinary output Decrease in urinary output
Neurotransmitters neurons are cholinergic: acetylcholine neurons are mostly adrenergic: epinephrine / norepinephrine (acetylcholine)
