Answer:
If PKU is a recessively inherited disease, and the baby got it without either parent having it, then you can use a pedigree to figure out what kind of disease it is (whether autosomal or sex-linked). You can automatically cancel out sex-linked because we don't know the gender of the baby, so you can conclude that PKU is autosomal recessive in this family.
Does that make sense?
Answer:
B) cryptic coloration
Explanation:
The plants have developed numerous different types to protect themselves from the herbivores because they tend to damage them or even totally destroy them. The development of certain chemicals that are unpleasant or poisonous for the herbivores is one of the defense mechanisms, like the development of nicotine or the highly toxic strychnine. Also, physical defense mechanisms that hurt the herbivores like the spines or thorns have been developed, making the herbivores think twice before they try anything as they can get hurt because of them. The cryptic coloration though is not a defense mechanism of the plants, but instead it is a defense mechanism that is used by the animals. This type of coloration is protecting the animals as it managed to blend them in with the environment, thus it is very hard to spot them, or it makes their shape much different in the eyes of the predators thus confusing them.
Enzymes are proteins, and proteins are basically a large chain of amino acids (polymer). So imagine when the chain is clumped into a 3D thing (see picture), it is slightly elastic (since there are spaces) and can have a bit of movement for the substrate to fit in. However, the shape is specific as it will return back to its original position once the substrate has left. Just imagine a silicone cup, when you stretch it a bit to fit a slightly larger ball in, it expands a little. When u remove the ball, it returns to its original shape. Similarly, the enzyme active site will return to its original shape but can be slightly molded for a short while, and that is what the sentence meant. It’s quite hard to explain without an actual model/ video, so if you don’t understand you can comment below!