Answer:1. Pyruvate carboxylase
2. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase
Explanation:
The conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenol pyruvate is catalyzed by two enzymes Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase
1. Pyruvate carboxylase reaction
Pyruvate in the cytoplasm enters the mitochondria. Then, carboxylase of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is catalysed by a mitochondrial enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase. It needs the co-enzymes biotin and ATP.
The oxaloacetate formed has to be transported from the mitochondrial to the cytosol because further reaction of gluconeogenesis are taking place in cytosol.
2. Phoaphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (PEPCK)
In the cytoplasm, PEPCK enzyme then converts oxaloacetate to phoaphoenol pyruvate by removing a molecule of CO2. GTP or ITP donates the phosphate group.
The net effect of these two reactions is the conversion of pyruvate to phoaphoenol pyruvate. This circumverts the irreversible step in glycolysis catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (step 9 if glycolysis)
Answer: The ocean is one of Earth's most valuable natural resources. It provides food in the form of fish and shellfish about 200 billion pounds are caught each year. It's used for transportation both travel and shipping. It provides a treasured source of recreation for humans
Explanation:
1. Camouflage
2. Competition
3. Competition
4. Symbiosis
<h3><u>Explanation</u>:</h3>
The camouflage is defined as the property of the living organisms that make them to prepare their body to perfectly match with their surroundings so that they cannot be recognised by their hunters. This makes them survive more in an environment with full of competition.
The competition is an interaction between the organisms where in a particular environment, different organisms compete for a particular prey for their living. Here the theory of the survival of the fittest work.
The symbiosis is an interaction between two or more species which leads to benifit of both the species in their living. Here one species help other in a form and other species do the same. There's benifit for both in the interaction.
The vertebrate endoskeleton is internal while an arthropod's exoskeleton is not
Diffusion<span> is a spontaneous movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. ... </span>Osmosis<span> is the spontaneous net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a more concentrated solution, up a concentration gradient.
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