Air pollution has become an extremely serious problem. Air pollutants affect both plants and animals. Under polluted conditions, plants develop different physiological, morphological and anatomical changes. Pollutants cause damage to cuticular waxes by which then they enter the leaves through stomata. This further leads to injury to plants which can be either acute or chronic. Changes in stomata due to air pollutants which seem to be small can be of great consequence with respect to survival of the plant during stress. These effects can further lead to disturbing the water balance of leaf or whole plant. Respiration also gets affected because of the exposure of plants to air pollutants. The present paper deals with the effect of air pollutants on stomata as well as on respiration leading to affect gaseous exchange.
Pre-embryonic cleavages make use of the abundant cytoplasm of the conceptus as the cells rapidly divide without changing the total volume.
Answer:
As an injury of the central nervous system.
Explanation:
Peripheral nervous system is the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. The autonomic nervous system is a control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions, such as the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, and more. The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles. Therefore, central nervous system is your answer!
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The four phases of the menstrual cycle are menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase. Common menstrual problems include heavy or painful periods and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Knowing when in the menstrual cycle a woman is most likely to conceive can increase the chance of pregnancy.
