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3 years ago

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1. The actual genetic makeup of an organism for a particular trait is called the ______. 2. The physical characteristic that tra

it gives the organisms is called the ______.

1 answer:

aniked [119]3 years ago

7 0

1. Genotype
2. Phenotype

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Digestive and excretory

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3 years ago

Age-associated changes in the immune system, also known as _______________________, are thought to be responsible for the increa

wariber [46]

Answer:

The correct answer is: Immunosenescence.

Explanation:

Immunosenescence can be defined as a biological age-related phenomenon due to which the cells of the immune system are unable to function efficiently with increase in age.
As a result of this the aged individuals becomes susceptible to various infections and diseases.
This happens because of the following reasons:

The immune cells are formed from the progenitor cells called the Hematopoetic Stem Cells (HSCs) which are abundantly found in the bone marrow. These cells have the capacity of self-renewal and also differentiation into various types of immune cells. Due to aging, these cells accumulate large number of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that that causes oxidative damage to the DNA. Also, with age the telomere (the repititive DNA sequence located at the chromosome terminal that protects the end of the chromosome from undergoing recombination or fusion with other chromosomes) length shortens resulting in the generation of damage in DNA. All these reduces the self renewal and differentiation capacity of these cells.
Other cells of the immune system like, the white blood cells, anti-body producing B-cells, cytotoxicity inducing T-cells, natural killer cells also accumulate similar DNA degrading components. This reduces their life time and also the efficiency of their activity.

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3 years ago

How does the redshift of distant galaxies best support the big bang theory?

Angelina_Jolie [31]

How redshift supports the Big Bang theory?<span>There are several main pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang theory. One is the fact that the universe is expanding, proven with something called red shift. The second is something called cosmic microwave background radiation. The third is the abundance of different elements in the universe.</span>https://www.google.com/search?q=How+does+the+redshift+of+distant+galaxies+best+support+the+big+bang+...

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3 years ago

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Proteins may be classified according to their three-dimensional shapes. Determine whether the following examples and description

m_a_m_a [10]

Answer:

-often function as enzymes or transport proteins ⇒ globular proteins

-peptide chains arranged in long strands, or fibers ⇒ fibrous proteins

-peptide chains highly folded into spherical shapes ⇒ globular proteins

-keratins ⇒ fibrous proteins

-hemoglobin ⇒ globular proteins

-water-soluble ⇒ globular proteins

-collagens ⇒ fibrous proteins

-insoluble in water ⇒ fibrous proteins

-generally function in structure and support ⇒ fibrous proteins

Explanation:

<u>Fibrous proteins </u>are composed by large polypeptide chains which interact each other and form large structures. They have water insoluble and have structural and protection functions- they are components of cells and tissues. Examples are: collagen, fibronectin, keratin, elastin, actin.

<u>Globular proteins</u> have a spherical compact structure in which hydrophobic aminoacids are buried inside the structure and hydrophilic aminoacids (which can interact with water molecules) are exposed to the exterior medium. For this, they are water soluble. They have often transport and catalytic functions. For example: hemoglobin, mioglobin, albumin, enzymes in general.

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3 years ago

Which statement describes the function of the plasma membrane? a) It converts light to usable energy for the cell. b) It partici

Vitek1552 [10]

C) it regulates what goes in and out of the cell
Usually the membrane is the organelles that acts like a door. They decide what type of nutrients and molecules go into the cell.

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3 years ago

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