The phrase dune erosion by ocean water along a shoreline best describes a density-independent limiting factor that can affect ecosystem stability (Option B).
<h3>What is a density-independent limiting factor?</h3>
A density-independent limiting factor can be defined as any factor in a given ecosystem that may alter the homeostasis of the population that lives in a given geographic area.
These factors (density-independent limiting factors) are generally abiotic factors such as hurricanes, extreme temperature conditions, the presence of contaminants in the air that hamper life in a given area, etc.
Conversely, density-dependent limiting factors are biotic factors such as competitive species that alter the development of another population.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a density-independent limiting factor is any abiotic condition that may alter the life of a population in a give geographic area and thus alter the homeostasis of the whole ecosystem.
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A- Temperature.
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Replication is the process where DNA molecules copies itself to form another DNA molecule during cell division. it involves several enzymes which includes DNA helicase, the enzyme that unwounds the DNA double helix. RNA primase, it is an enzyme that creates an RNA primer. DNA polymerase, it is the enzyme that matches and lays down nucleotides to form the new DNA daughter. DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments by catalysing the formation of phosphodiester bond.
Answer:
D
) ratio of neutrons to protons in each element.
