Explanation:
One way of classifying stars is by their temperature .
or
Science strives to be able to describe how stars and planets form and evolve. This requires theories to describe the processes which include:
Star and planet formation
Star and planet composition
Stellar and solar system evolution
The nuclear processes happening inside stars
The scientific method means that all theories are put to the test. By measuring or calculating the temperature, age and composition of other planets and stars the theories can be tested. If observed values of these parameters are not predicted by theories, then the theories are wrong and need to be revised or replaced.
Answer:
a) 
b) 
c) Towards the center of the centrifuge
Explanation:
a)
Becuse the centrifuge rotates in circular motion, there's an angular acceleration tha simulates high gravity accelerations
with r the radius and ω the amgular velocity, in or case 
so:
and g=9.8
solving for ω:
b) Linear speed (v) and angular speed are related by:
c) The apparent weigth is pointing towards the center of the circle, becuse angular acceleration is pointing in that direction.
Answer:
we learned that an object that is vibrating is acted upon by a restoring force. The restoring force causes the vibrating object to slow down as it moves away from the equilibrium position and to speed up as it approaches the equilibrium position. It is this restoring force that is responsible for the vibration. So what forces act upon a pendulum bob? And what is the restoring force for a pendulum? There are two dominant forces acting upon a pendulum bob at all times during the course of its motion. There is the force of gravity that acts downward upon the bob. It results from the Earth's mass attracting the mass of the bob. And there is a tension force acting upward and towards the pivot point of the pendulum. The tension force results from the string pulling upon the bob of the pendulum. In our discussion, we will ignore the influence of air resistance - a third force that always opposes the motion of the bob as it swings to and fro. The air resistance force is relatively weak compared to the two dominant forces.
The gravity force is highly predictable; it is always in the same direction (down) and always of the same magnitude - mass*9.8 N/kg. The tension force is considerably less predictable. Both its direction and its magnitude change as the bob swings to and fro. The direction of the tension force is always towards the pivot point. So as the bob swings to the left of its equilibrium position, the tension force is at an angle - directed upwards and to the right. And as the bob swings to the right of its equilibrium position, the tension is directed upwards and to the left. The diagram below depicts the direction of these two forces at five different positions over the course of the pendulum's path.
that's what I know so far
