Example 1:
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are like factories of cells. If we consider cell as a international clothing chain of companies, then ER are the ones which plan and design the clothing, sew those up, put additional buttons etc. on them, and then ship them on time. The workers (manual and automatic) do the whole procedure.
To understand it better in terms of cellular functions, ER create biomolecules essential for cells and the body as a whole. ribosomes are the workers which do the synthesis. With the help of ribosomes, ER makes the whole process of biomolecule synthesis, modification and delivery smooth, efficient and accurate.
Example 2:
Think of ER as Uber Eats. It provides you the catalogue of delicious food available and can be sent, then forwards your request to the restaurant, then sends a delivery person to wait and collect the order, and then orders the person to delivery food to the correct address on time.
Here, ribosomes would be the restaurants making the food.
**This is a simplification of the actual function of ER but I hope you get the gist. While talking about smooth and rough ER, the examples may change.
Answer:
Ben - Y Xc
Jen - XCXC
Violet - XCXc
Seraphina - XCXc
Samuel- Y Xc
Explanation:
Given -
Ben has a cleft chin
Let the allele for cleft chin be "c"
and the allele for normal chin be "C"
When Ben with cleft chin mates with wife Jennifer Garner having normal chin, then the two girl child do not have cleft chin but the boy has cleft chin.
This means that the allele C could be X -linked and the mother is not the carrier but the father is
The genotype of father Ben would be Y Xc
Genotype of mother would be XCXC
Genotype of two daughters XCXc , XCXc which means they are carrier for the next generation
Genotype of Boy - Y Xc
Answer:
Either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.
