Sugars link together by phosphates to create the backbone of the DNA or RNA molecule. Genetic information is carried and stored in the sequence of nucleic acid bases along a chain of DNA or RNA. When cells duplicate inside of the human body, DNA is replicated through RNA in order to give the new cell a new set of DNA.
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Gastroileal reflex is triggered by food in the stomach, relaxes the ileocecal valve, and allows residue into the cecum.
The gastroileal reflex is triggered by the presence of food in the stomach as well as gastric peristalsis.
Gastroileal reflex brings about peristalsis in the ileum as well as the opening of the ileocecal valve, which in turn facilitates the emptying of the ileal constituents into the large intestine or colon.
The gastroileal reflex is one among the three extrinsic reflexes of the gastrointestinal tract. The other two include the gastrocolic reflex as well as the enterogastric reflex.
This type of gastrointestinal reflex is moderated by the vagus nerve and gastrin.
To learn more about peristalsis here
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Steps are required for a pathogen to infect a novel host species.
- A pathogen is defined as an organism causing disease to its host, with the severity of the disease symptoms referred to as virulence.
- The pathogens can be viruses or bacteria. If the host is humans then these pathogens can enter through nose, sputum, yes or any cut wounds.
- After entering the host species, the pathogens ejects its genome into the cell of the host for its multiplication. Such type of organisms require the machinery of the host to multiply.
- The pathogens after multiplying, increases in number and damages tissues and organs of the host thereby causing diseases.
Answer:
where are these examples yall keep mentioning.
Explanation:
nonetheless, an example of an adaption is animals in cold environments growing fur to keep warm
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The answer would be Alveoli
In humans, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the blood within many small sacs called alveoli in the lungs. Alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange.
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