The odorant molecules arrive either directly by diffusion into the mucus, or are supported by transport proteins (odor binding protein or OBP) that allow the hydrophobic molecules - majority - to penetrate the mucus covering the epithelium, and thus to reach the membrane receptors present on the eyelashes of the olfactory neurons. These transport proteins are thought to concentrate odorant molecules on membrane receptors. As ligands, the odorant molecules bind to membrane receptors on the eyelashes, triggering a transduction pathway for a stimulus involving G.olf protein (first messenger), adenylate cyclase, and cAMP ( second messenger). The second messenger causes the opening of ion channels Ca2 + / Na + present on the plasma membrane of the olfactory receptor, these two ions then enter the cell. Ca2 + causes the opening of a Cl- channel, the output of this ion causes depolarization of the membrane so that the olfactory receptor produces action potentials. These impulses will go directly to the olfactory bulb, in the prefrontal region of the brain, where this information (and that of taste) is processed by the body.
Answer:
<em>B. Cut back on sleep so you have more time in the day for other responsibilities.</em>
Explanation:
<u><em>I hope this helps and have a great day!</em></u>
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Non-smokers are half as likely to develop cardiovascular disease as compared to smokers.
Further Explanation:
In the United States, half of the death occurred due to smoking. Now a day’s cigarette smoking is a major reason behind cardiovascular disease or lungs problem. Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the lining of the arteries weaken, the wall becomes thicken and fat is deposited. This disease is mainly developed due to cigarette smoking.
In smoker blood supply from arteries to the heart is very less and they are highly prone to heart attack. In non-smokers, oxygen-rich and clean air is breathing and small dust particulate can trap by cilia. In smokers, cigarette smoke consist many harmful chemicals. These harmful substances can cause inflammation on the lungs and leads to the overproduction of the mucus. Because of this bronchitis, cough, pneumonia, and asthma attacks develop in smokers. That’s why smokers are at very high risk of cardiovascular disease than non-smokers.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Topic: Smoking
Keywords:
Smoker, non-smoker, cough, pneumonia, mucus, arteries, lungs, cigarette, atherosclerosis, fat, thicken, clean, air, inflammation, oxygen, wall.
I believe the answer would be C. finding opportunities for themselves
Because therefore a leader has followers and that is the only logical answer to this question
:)
The first line of defence (or outside defence system) includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, 'friendly' bacteria and white blood cells called neutrophils.
