They are pervasive and play many different roles in the marine environment, from being the base of the food chain, controlling much of the flow of marine energy and nutrients, and being essential to the ocean's health.
The greater the surface area of a cell, the faster the cell can transport materials across its membrane because there is more area to absorb/excrete materials. We also want the surface area much higher than the volume of a cell. the more volume a cell has the slower the transport of diffusion will be. If the cell is smaller because it has a higher surface area than it does volume. Because of this larger SA:V ratio, smaller cells will transport materials faster.
Answer: <em>The Bottleneck Effect</em>
Explanation:
A Bottleneck effect is the sharp reduction of numbers of a population through environmental effects or human activity. It causes a loss of the genetic pool and its variety; genetic variation lowers and increases with time as random mutations occur.
