Technically you could answer this one by one, by substituting n with 1, 2, 3, 4, then 5. Like here: A1=(-2)A1-1 =(-2)A0, then substituting A0 with -1... =(-2)(-1) Which would mean A1=2. Then.. A2=(-2)A2-1 A2=(-2)A1 A2=(-2)(2) Which would mean A2=-4. By repeating this process you'd eventually get A4.. A5=(-2)A4 if you did the steps right you'd get that A4 is -16.. A5=(-2)(-16). Then simplify to get your answer.