Answer:
For both actin and microtubule polymerization, nucleotide hydrolysis is important for decreasing the binding strength between subunits on filaments.
Explanation:
Cytoskeletal filaments are common to eucaryotic cells and are impotartant to the spatial organization of cells. Intermediate filaments provide mechanical strength and resistance to shear stress. Microtubules determine the positions of membrane-enclosed organelles and direct intracellular transport. Actin filaments determine the shape of the cell's surface and are necessary for whole-cell locomotion. A large number of accessory proteins are present that link the filaments to other cell components, as well as to each other. Accessory proteins are essential for the assembly of the cytoskeletal filaments in particular locations, and it includes the motor proteins that either move organelles along the filaments or move the filaments themselves.
Actin filaments and microtubules are assembled with expenditure of energy i.e the ATP/GTP tightly bound to actin/tubulin is irreversibly hydrolyzed to ADP/GTP during the assembly process, and liberation of Pi in the medium occurs subsequent to the incorporation of subunits in the polymer. Pi release acts as a switch, causing the destabilization of protein-protein interactions in the polymer, therefore regulating the dynamics of these fibres. The progress is made in four areas: the chemistry of the NTPase reaction; the structure of the intermediates in nucleotide hydrolysis and the nature of the conformational switch; the regulation of parameters involved in dynamic instability of microtubules; and the possible involvement of nucleotide hydrolysis in the macroscopic organization of these polymers in highly concentrated solutions, compared with the simple case of a equilibrium polymers.
Answer:
An earthquake
, a forest fire
, a hurricane and a volcanic eruption.
Explanation:
An earthquake
, a forest fire
, a hurricane and a volcanic eruption are the events that is responsible for the suitable conditions for primary succession because all the population of animals and vegetation are removed from an area and the new type of organisms is start to living in that new environment. These new organism has the ability to survive that environmental conditions. These events completely removed the population in the environment and provides conditions for primary succession.
Your answer is D, Rhizobium
Answer: a, to avoid overgrazing, vegetation loss and soil erosion
Explanation: I just finished the assignment and it was correct
Answer:
OH LOL I DID THIS IN 7TH GRADE
Explanation:
so if i remember when the trees where white the pepper moths that where white survived more often that the black ones, then when the industrial war came the trees where covered in ash, so the white moths survived
MY SENTENCE
It shows how a change in an environment can effect a species natural selection, for example the white moths survived more than the black moths so the reproduced while the black moths where eaten by predator's, then when the environment changed and favored the black moths they survived and reproduced while the white moth got picked off by predators.
Hope this helped mate :>
