The answer would be d because the genes come the two parents
The more numbers of the homologous structure, the more likely they have recently shared a common ancestor.
Explanation:
Homologous organs are defined as those organs which do have different functions but a similar basic structure which denotes the divergent evolution. Homologous organs are seen in species that are very close to each other which are more related with each other in terms of evolution. For example, a bird is more close to each man than a fish, so do share more homologous organs common to man than fishes do. Examples of the homologous organs are hands of human and wings of birds. They have same basic structure like skeletal structure which is humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges. They are similar in structure but have different functions like flying in birds and gathering food in humans.
The skin is composed of thin membranous tissue that is quite permeable to water and contains a large network of blood vessels. The thin membranous skin is allows the respiratory gases to readily diffuse directly down their gradients between the blood vessels and the surroundings. When the frog is out of the water, mucus glands in the skin keep the frog moist, which helps absorb dissolved oxygen from the air.
A frog may also breathe much like a human, by taking air in through their nostrils and down into their lungs. The mechanism of taking air into the lungs is however sligthly different than in humans. Frogs do not have ribs nor a diaphragm, which in humans helps serve in expand the chest and thereby decreasing the pressure in the lungs allowing outside air to flow in.
In order to draw air into its mouth the frog lowers the floor of its mouth, which causes the throat to expand. Then the nostrils open allowing air to enter the enlarged mouth. The nostrils then close and the air in the mouth is forced into the lungs by contraction of the floor of the mouth. To elimate the carbon dioxide in the lungs the floor of the mouth moves down, drawing the air out of the lungs and into the mouth. Finally the nostrils are opened and the floor of the mouth moved up pushing the air out of the nostrils.
Frogs also have a respiratory surface on the lining of their mouth on which gas exchange takes place readily. While at rest, this process is their predominate form of breathing, only fills the lungs occasionally. This is because the lungs, which only adults have, are poorly developed.
The carbon footprint can be decreased by a great amount if the incandescent bulbs are replaced with the compact fluorescent bulbs. The compact fluorescent bulbs uses approximately seventy five percent less energy than the incandescent bulbs as they do not use heating mechanism to light. This leads to less emission of the green house gases and thereby reducing the carbon footprint.
Hence, the correct answer is 'option a - replacing incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs'.
