Answer:
Farming meant that people could get food more reliably than they did as hunter-gatherers, and on a very basic level, that meant that more humans could survive
<u>Answer:</u>
Negative reinforcement in operant a) increases the frequency of a behavior.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Operating conditioning is a coping process that usually occurs by individual's behavioral rewards and punishments. Normally a person makes a contact between a specific behavior and an outcome by operant conditioning (Skinner, 1938). He called this method the conditioning of the operant.
In general, "negative reinforcement" is a concept defined by B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory. In negative reinforcement, by preventing, eliminating, or avoiding a bad outcome or undesired stimulus, an action or reaction is reinforced.
I do not know exactly what answer you are looking for here considering the fact that there are many differences between the actions of animals and humans. The best answer I would give is that people have a sense of what is wrong and right and decide based on a moral subconscious. Animals act on they need to survive and do not care about acting civilized or what is right and wrong.
Answer:
Strain
Explanation:
According to Robert Merton society deems certain goals that a person should achieve are more important than others. These goals are known as cultural goals.
There are two ways by which these goals can be achieved: socially accepted and socially unaccepted means. If any of these ways are blocked then this leads to strain.
Hence, the frustration is called strain.
Eastern- emperors that controlled both church and government, church leaders supported decisions of emperor
western- pope who claimed he had religious and political authority over europe
