Assuming you start with the homogeneous ODE,

upon taking the Laplace transform of both sides, you end up with


since the transform operator is linear, and the transform of 0 is 0.
I'll denote the Laplace transform of a function

into the

-domain by

.
Given the derivative of

, its Laplace transform can be found easily from the definition of the transform itself:


Integrate by parts, setting


so that

The second term is just the transform of the original function, while the first term reduces to

since

as

, and

as

. So we have a rule for transforming the first derivative, and by the same process we can generalize it to any order provided that we're given the value of all the preceeding derivatives at

.
The general rule gives us



and so our ODE becomes




Depending on how you learned about finding inverse transforms, you should either be comfortable with cross-referencing a table and do some pattern-matching, or be able to set up and compute an appropriate contour integral. The former approach seems to be more common, so I'll stick to that.
Recall that

and that given a function

with transform

, the shifted transform

corresponds to the function

.
We have


and so the inverse transform for our ODE is



and in case you're not familiar with hyperbolic functions, you have