Answer:
S phase
Explanation:
During the interphase which is also called the S phase, the cell duplicates its chromosomes and ensures its systems are ready for cell division. If all conditions are ideal, the cell is now ready to move into the first phase of mitosis.
Answer:
When you exercise it causes your muscles and your pearl your pures in your skin to produce sweat and cause pain to your nervous system telling you that is exhausting
Answer:
The dry-out material contains spores of anthrax-causing bacteria
Explanation:
<em>Anthrax is a disease caused by a bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis. Susceptible animals get infected by anthrax when the spore of the bacteria gets into their bodies, become activated, multiply and produce toxins.</em>
The spore serves primarily as a propagating structure and also as an agent for transmitting infections. It can be transmitted by air, water, food or any other means. Bacterial spores usually have the capability to tolerate harsh environmental conditions and only become inactivated when conditions are favourable.
The dry granular powdery material constituent of the letters received by the U.S. senators must have been spores of <em>Bacillus anthrasis</em>
Answer:
Background
During the course of a bacterial infection, the rapid identification of the causative agent(s) is necessary for the determination of effective treatment options. We have developed a method based on a modified broad-range PCR and an oligonucleotide microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of 12 bacterial pathogens at the species level. The broad-range PCR primer mixture was designed using conserved regions of the bacterial topoisomerase genes gyrB and parE. The primer design allowed the use of a novel DNA amplification method, which produced labeled, single-stranded DNA suitable for microarray hybridization. The probes on the microarray were designed from the alignments of species- or genus-specific variable regions of the gyrB and parE genes flanked by the primers. We included mecA-specific primers and probes in the same assay to indicate the presence of methicillin resistance in the bacterial species. The feasibility of this assay in routine diagnostic testing was evaluated using 146 blood culture positive and 40 blood culture negative samples.
Explanation:
Results
Comparison of our results with those of a conventional culture-based method revealed a sensitivity of 96% (initial sensitivity of 82%) and specificity of 98%. Furthermore, only one cross-reaction was observed upon investigating 102 culture isolates from 70 untargeted bacteria. The total assay time was only three hours, including the time required for the DNA extraction, PCR and microarray steps in sequence.
<span>The correct answer is horizontal gene transfer, transduction.</span>
Transduction (a type of horizontal gene transfer)is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a bacteria cell. When viruses infect bacterial cells, their DNA is integrated into a bacterial chromosome and thus harness the replicational, transcriptional, and translation machinery of the bacteria. As a result, bacteria cell makes numerous virions (viral particles).
