Question

Movement that held the sexes as being socially, politically and economically equal.

Answer 1

Movement that held the sexes as being socially, politically and economically equal is Womans movement.

Answer 2

The opposite of the view that the sexes are socially, politically and economically equal is that one is superior - and it is typically the male sex that is seen as superior. Thus, such a movement is based on strengthening female rights.

Therefore I think that this movement is called feminism.