Answer:
During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to: collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor. As a platelet plug forms at an injury site platelets become activated and their cytoplasm: degranulates as they release chemicals such as ADP and thromboxane A2.
Explanation:
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Answer:
37 degrees Celsius
Explanation:
Most enzymes in the human body function best at around 37 degrees Celsius, which is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
Answer:
Since high ethanol is a major stress during ethanol fermentation, ethanol-tolerant yeast strains are highly desirable for ethanol production on an industrial scale. A technology called global transcriptional machinery engineering (gTME), which exploits a mutant SPT15 library that encodes the TATA-binding protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Alper et al., 2006; Science 314: 1565-1568), appears to be a powerful tool. to create ethanol tolerant strains. However, the ability of the strains created to tolerate high ethanol content in rich media remains to be demonstrated. In this study, a similar strategy was used to obtain five strains with higher ethanol tolerance (ETS1-5) of S. cerevisiae. When comparing the global transcriptional profiles of two selected strains ETS2 and ETS3 with that of the control, 42 genes that were commonly regulated with a double change were identified. Of the 34 deletion mutants available in an inactivated gene library, 18 were sensitive to ethanol, suggesting that these genes were closely associated with tolerance to ethanol.
Explanation:
Eight of them were novel and most were functionally unknown. To establish a basis for future industrial applications, the iETS2 and iETS3 strains were created by integrating the SPT15 mutant alleles of ETS2 and ETS3 into the chromosomes, which also exhibited increased tolerance to ethanol and survival after ethanol shock in a rich medium. Fermentation with 20% glucose for 24 h in a bioreactor revealed that iETS2 and iETS3 grew better and produced approximately 25% more ethanol than a control strain. The performance and productivity of ethanol also improved substantially: 0.31 g / g and 2.6 g / L / h, respectively, for the control and 0.39 g / g and 3.2 g / L / h, respectively, for iETS2 and iETS3.
Therefore, our study demonstrates the utility of gTME in generating strains with increased tolerance to ethanol that resulted in increased ethanol production. Strains with increased tolerance to other stresses such as heat, fermentation inhibitors, osmotic pressure, etc., can be further created using gTME.
Given what we know, after you’ve removed a loopful of broth culture from the culture tube you should immediately apply a flame to the open end of the test tube.
<h3>Why would this be the next step?</h3>
Once you have removed the loopful of broth culture from the tube, you should apply a flame to the end of the tube, this is of vital importance. The reason for this is to deny any other contaminants from entering or exiting the culture sample.
Therefore, we can confirm that after you’ve removed a loopful of broth culture from the culture tube you should immediately apply a flame to the open end of the test tube.
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