There many parts of a cell, and different types of cells. Please specify your question further so I can help you on this topic.:)
Ans.
The first pass effect is defined as a phenomenon of metabolism of drug, in which drug concentration is greatly decreased before reaching the systemic circulation. It represents that fraction of drug lost, at the time of absorption of drug in gut.
Thus, the client is not receiving all the dosage of ingested drug (aspirin) because of the 'first pass effect.'
Answer & explanation:
The capsule is one of the main virulence factors (ability of a microorganism to cause disease) of bacteria, protecting them from phagocytosis (when a specialized cell called a "macrophage" encompasses invading particles in order to prevent damage to the organism) and recognition by the immune system. This allows them to survive, multiplicate and disseminate to various organs.
In addition, the capsule provides adhesion to surfaces (as well as flagella, fimbriae and adhesins), facilitating colonization.
By stripping the capsule of a bacterium, the antimicrobial agent would decrease its virulence not only by hindering its adhesion to body surfaces and structures, but also by limiting its defense against phagocytosis by eukaryotic cells (such as macrophages).
Answer:
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and certain synthetic chemicals, trap some of the Earth's outgoing energy, thus retaining heat in the atmosphere. This heat-trapping causes changes in the radiative balance of the Earth-the balance between energy received from the sun and emitted from Earth-that alter climate and weather patterns at a global and regional scale.
Multiple lines of evidence confirm that human activities are the primary cause of the global warming of the past 50 years. Natural Factors, such as variations in the sun's output, volcanic activity, the Earth's orbit, the carbon cycle, and others, also affect Earth's radiative balance. However, beginning in the late 1700s, the net global effect of human activities has been a continual increase in greenhouse gas concentrations.
Explanation:
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HPV human papiloma virus
Can be the trigger for cervical cancer
