Answer:
Prepayment penalty
Explanation:
A prepayment penalty is charged when a borrower significantly writes down or offset his loan earlier than as planned in the loan agreement , especially within the first five year of taking the loan. Some lenders restrict repayment to a certain value before you can be fined.It serves as a form of security on the lenders interest income.
It is calculated on the outstanding loan balance which mean the longer you owe , the less your penalty and vice versa.
On the side of the borrower , accepting the clause in the loan agreement always come with a lower interest on loan
The real interest rate is;
Real interest rate = nominal interest rate - inflation
<h3>What is inflation?</h3>
The rate at which prices increase over a specific time period is known as inflation. Inflation is often measured in broad terms, such as the general rise in prices or the rise in a nation's cost of living.
There are three main causes of inflation:
- demand-pull inflation: Demand-pull inflation, which economists define as "too many dollars chasing too few things," is the increasing pressure on prices that accompanies a scarcity in supply.
- cost-push inflation: When the cost of labor and raw materials rise, the overall price level will rise (inflation).
- built-in inflation: As employees anticipate an increase in compensation when the cost of products and services rises in order to maintain their standard of living, this is known as built-in inflation.
<h3>What is real interest rate?</h3>
A real interest rate reflects the rate at which current things are preferred over future goods over time.
The difference between the nominal interest rate and the inflation rate is used to calculate the real interest rate for an investment.
Real interest rate = nominal interest rate - rate of inflation (expected or actual).
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Answer: b. Inspection time
Explanation: Overhead allocation is required under the rules of various accounting frameworks and is defined as the apportionment of indirect costs (costs used by multiple activities which cannot be assigned to specific cost objects) to produced goods. Overhead allocation is quite significant because often times, it is substantially greater than the direct cost of goods.
The time spent for inspection which is vital to controlling quality, reducing manufacturing costs, eliminating losses and assigning causes of defective work etc. would be the most accurate measure of activity to use for allocating the costs of inspecting finished products as it is included in manufacturing overhead.
The answer is D. An increased interest rate.
The bank will increase the interest rates on loans to get a return on their expenses.
