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Assoli18 [71]
3 years ago
9

13. Label the nucleotides (A, T, G, C) in the DNA molecule below: words

Biology
1 answer:
never [62]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

A, T, G, C

Explanation:

A = Adenine

T = Thymine

G = Guanine

C = Cytosine

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3. a) What are three ways for materials to move in and out of cells? (6 points)
zalisa [80]
Answer: Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport
Explanation:
The processes of transport between the cell and the external environment can be grouped into groups: Passive Processes - occur through the plasma membrane, without energy expenditure to the cell, to equalize cell concentration with the external medium. Examples of such processes are diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis. Active processes - occur through the plasma membrane, with energy expenditure, maintaining the concentration difference between the cell and the external environment. For example, sodium-potassium pump. Diffusion In diffusion, particles move from the highest concentration medium to the lowest concentration medium, so that it can be distributed throughout the medium. Therefore diffusion is a process called passive transport. Facilitated Diffusion is the passive transport of substances across the plasma membrane, without wasting cell metabolic energy, allowing the passage of substrates (molecules or ions) from a more concentrated to a less concentrated medium through specific mediation of carrier proteins, enzymes carriers or permeases along the plasma membrane. This process is mainly used to transport carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins and some ions: sodium, potassium, calcium. Osmosis is the name given to the movement of water between media with different concentrations of solutes separated by a semipermeable membrane. It is an important physicochemical process in cell survival.
The sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport. Sodium concentration is higher in the extracellular environment while potassium is higher in the intracellular environment. Importantly, the energy required for this change comes from the breakdown of the ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and phosphate. The sodium (Na +) ion in the cytoplasm is pumped out of the cell. In the extracellular medium, the potassium ion (K +) is pumped into the internal medium. If there was no efficient active transport, the concentration of these ions would equal. Thus, the sodium and potassium pump is important as it establishes the difference in electrical charge between the two sides of the membrane that is critical for muscle and nerve cells and facilitates the penetration of amino acids and sugars.
5 0
3 years ago
Which of the following is a physical adaptation for the underlined animal?
ale4655 [162]

Answer:

Physical adaptations do not develop during an individual animal's life, but over many generations. The shape of a bird's beak, the color of a mammal's fur, the thickness or thinness of the fur, the shape of the nose or ears are all examples of physical adaptations which help different animals survive.

4 0
3 years ago
Why do biologists have to study chemistry?
Snowcat [4.5K]
To understand the phenomenon of biological cell


To understand which principal occurs


To know the whose are reactant and what makes product



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5 0
2 years ago
How does cystic fibrosis affect meiosis?
Anna007 [38]

Answer:

The defective CFTR protein changes ion influx and efflux across the body's cell membranes, which ultimately changes the internal environment of these cells. This change contributes to each cell's production of proteins through transcription and translation.

Explanation:

The defective CFTR protein changes ion influx and efflux across the body's cell membranes, which ultimately changes the internal environment of these cells. This change contributes to each cell's production of proteins through transcription and translation.

8 0
3 years ago
Why was the Euglena green in color? What is the name of the specialized body structure that is located at the base of the tail?
sweet [91]
The Euglena was green because it had chloroplasts in it, just like plants. The body structure at the base of the tail that relates to this is the photo receptor. These two enabled it to photosynthesize food like plants, but it could also take food from its surroundings like animals.
4 0
3 years ago
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