1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Lera25 [3.4K]
3 years ago
9

What came before Probation?

Law
1 answer:
Tju [1.3M]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Well, if you are in court for a criminal offence and you plead guilty or are found guilty, the judge can ask for a probation report before a decision is made about how to deal with your case.  There are two types of assessment reports:  1 ) Pre-sanction reports (also known as probation reports) and 2) Community Service reports where you will be assessed to see if you are suitable to do unpaid work in the community instead of going to prison.  

You might be interested in
After the initial walk-through, who is now in authority of the crime scene, securing the safety of both people and crime
bija089 [108]

Answer:

Crime Scene Investigator (CSI)

Explanation:

<em>Crime Scene Investigators are responsible for protecting and gathering evidence at a crime scene. </em>

Forensic Scientists work in a lab, they would not be present during crime scene.

Judges have nothing to do with this. Their responsibilities include determining the innocence of a person involved.

Like the forensic scientist, a Forensic Pathologist is another person who would be working in a lab. These are dead people doctors, and they are responsible for autopsies and determining cause of death via an autopsy.

5 0
3 years ago
Hello, I am Cordelia. I died in a fire 10 years ago. Unless you send this message on to 10 other people, I will come to your roo
Anestetic [448]

Answer:

isn't this supposed to be a study app?

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
In the space below, write a 250-word essay discussing the nature of pro bono service for lawyers and why it is an important part
bekas [8.4K]
Tiktok charli damelio law
3 0
3 years ago
Which of the following cases established testimony by expert witness?
Ksivusya [100]

Answer:

Explanation:

Judge is the gatekeeper

The judge is to decide whether the expert is qualified to deliver reliable testimony and whether the expert's report is sufficiently reliable to be helpful to the Trier of Fact.

Rule 702 Testimony by Experts

1) the testimony is based upon sufficient facts or data

2) the testimony is the product of reliable principles and methods.

The Supreme Court identified four tests that can be used by the gatekeeper-judge to determine whether to admit the expert testimony. It is typically understood that it is not necessary for the expert testimony to pass all four tests.

1) Tested - Whether the theory or technique used by the expert can be, and has been, tested

2) Peer Review - Whether the theory or technique has been subjected to peer review and publication

3) Error Rate - The known or potential rate of error of the method used is known or predictable

4) General Acceptance - The degree of the method's or conclusion's acceptance within the relevant scientific community

Review of five court cases

1) Frye v. United States - 1923 - established the "general acceptance" principle

2) Federal Rules of Evidence - Rule 702 - 1975 - established the rule for "scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge" expert witness testimony

3) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals - 1993 - established the four-part Daubert test for evaluating expert testimony

4) GE v. Joiner - 1997 - confirmed the trial judge's gatekeeper role

5) Kumho Tire v. Carmichael - 1999 - expanded the Daubert tests to apply to all disciplines

United States v. 14.38 Acres of Land

A good example of the application of the Daubert Test.

This is a rare case where the appellate court overruled the trial judge's gatekeeper role.

Gatekeeper is not intended to serve as a replacement for the adversary system: Vigorous cross-examination, presentation of contrary evidence, and careful instruction on the burden of proof are the traditional and appropriate means of attacking shaky but admissible evidence.

Rule 1 - Scope and Purpose

To secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding. In other words, the purpose is to make the process more efficient.

The report must contain:

(i) a complete statement of all opinions the witness will express and the basis and reasons for them;

(ii) the data or other information considered by the witness in forming them;

(iii) any exhibits that will be used to summarize or support them;

(iv) the witness's qualifications, including a list of all publications authored in the previous 10 years;

(v) a list of all other cases in which, during the previous 4 years, the witness testified as an expert at trial or by deposition; and

(vi) a statement of the compensation to be paid for the study and testimony in the case.

That written report must contain, at a minimum, six items:

1) All opinions the witness will express and their foundation and reasoning;

2) Data and information considered by the witness;

3) Any exhibits that will be used while giving the testimony in court;

4) Witness qualifications, including all publications authored in the previous 10 years;

5) List of all other cases in the last four years where testimony was given as an expert at trial or deposition;

6) Description of the compensation for the study and testimony.

An appraisal report may need to be quite detailed. This may be at odds with the request of retaining counsel, who may want a less detailed report.

Report should include any exhibits which the witness anticipates using as "demonstrative evidence" during testimony.

report should include a statement of publications and testimony for the prescribed periods.

Some items of interest in this Rule are:

1 - If an objection is raised by one of the attorneys, the deponent will still be required to provide an answer, but that answer will be subject to approval by the court after hearing the objection.

2 - The deponent may refuse to answer a question only when it is necessary to preserve a privilege, enforce a limitation directly by the court, or present a motion under Rule 30(d)(4).

3 - The maximum time limit for a deposition is one day of seven hours.

4 - The deponent has the right to review and correct the transcript. He or she will have 30 days after receiving the transcript to review and submit corrections. However, this right must be affirmed and requested during the deposition. It is recommended that the appraiser expert always request this right to review and correct, as it will provide the appraiser with a copy of the transcript of the "oral report" for his or her workfile.

Rule 33 - Interrogatories to Parties

The time limit to respond is 30 days from the date of service of the interrogatories.

6 0
3 years ago
Which court decision protected students’ rights to free speech as early as 1969?
galben [10]

On February 24, 1969, the Supreme Court ruled in Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District that students at school retain their First Amendment right to free speech. The story of this landmark case begins four years prior, during the early wave of protests against the Vietnam War.

7 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • 3. Any pursuit driving should be done with the aim of minimizing the risk to:
    7·2 answers
  • To follow the truth is our responsibility​
    10·2 answers
  • Articles of Confederation provided for a Congress that met for one-year terms. Why do you suppose the Framers of the Constitutio
    6·1 answer
  • What is environmental criminology? What does it argue contributes to crime?
    8·1 answer
  • What are the elements of an arrest?
    10·2 answers
  • La pieza de abajo está muy arriba coherencia ejemplo <br>​
    10·1 answer
  • The constitution, as written in 1787, did not have a bill of rights and did not embrace the idea of democracy as being needed at
    13·1 answer
  • PLEASE HELP ME!!!!!!!!!!!!
    13·1 answer
  • What is the effective date of the new rules proposed by the cfpb to help with thetransition from libor?.
    6·1 answer
  • What is the concept ethics ?
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!