The study pushes back the clock on the origin of Earth's water by hundreds of millions of years, to around 4.6 billion years ago, when all the worlds of the inner solar system were still forming. Scientists had suspected that our planet formed dry, with high-energy impacts creating a molten surface on the infant Earth.
Answer: 4.6 billion years.
The pattern that explains why polygenes are called additive are the dominant and recessive genes incorporated.
Personally, I think since all the changes in the world are affecting the natural environment adaptive traits are important so that they can help maximize its reproductive success so its species can survive.