Data that is collected can be either categorical (Qualitative) or numerical (Quantitative) data.
Qualitative or categorical data do not have any logical order, and it cannot be translated into a numerical value.
Categorical data is when numbers are collected in groups or categories.
In the given question it is said that A student took a survey to determine which integer was the most popular "lucky number" among the members of her class. So its all about a category of being lucky number.
