You're offended, the attacks on the church made by martin luther, john calvin, and henry viii were all negative towards the church and they pointed out the problems the church was faint at the time. You could be offended, defensive, angry, frustrated, any of these.
All highlighted examples show how Herbert Hoover (1874-1964) believed that once the federal government started to take directly participate in the economic system the inevitable outcome would be the loss of freedom.
In the first and second examples he is saying that once the government starts to take part, it goes all the way into the private lives of individuals which would be an attack against the basis of freedom.
Hoover thought like this because for him freedom only exists in the private life when it's kept away and separate from the government.
The third and fourth examples have the same meaning as the priors only now he is talking specifically about economics. He believed the problem of the Great Depression should be figured out by private businesses and the government should only cushion the situation.
The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.
In general, history is the recorded story of the interaction between "ideas" "people" and "patterns", since it is the way in which people act and make decisions that influences their collective history.
The spaniards were excited about making a new colony on land that was "Claimed" for them by explorers.
