when changes in a protein appear to accumulate at a constant rate over time is called option (c) i.e, Molecular clock.
<h3>What does molecular clock mean?</h3>
The term "molecular clock" refers to a method that estimates the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged by analyzing the mutation rate of biomolecules. Typically, nucleotide sequences for DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequences for proteins serve as the biomolecular data for these calculations.
Hedges, a biology professor at Penn State, claims that the molecular clock counts the mutations that accumulate through time in the gene sequences of various species rather than counting seconds, minutes, and hours.
Mutation and recombination, the two fundamental biological processes that give rise to all heritable variations, are the foundation of molecular clocks. Mutations are modifications to the genetic code of DNA, for as when the nucleotide Guanine (G) turns to Thymine (T).
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Fishes and bottom dwelling worms cope with the fluctuating salinity within estuaries over the tidal cycle with the use of transport system such as active and passive transport.
<h3>How active and passive transport system are used?</h3>
In salty water, fish and other marine organisms used active transport in which energy is used to remove salts from the body of these marine organisms because excess salts are harmful for them.
So we can conclude that Fishes use transport system such as active and passive transport to cope with the fluctuation of salt concentration.
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Answer:
its D
Explanation:
Its D cause plants use their roots to get water and the vascualar tissues are found in the root most of the time.
