<span>Assuming you mean damage to human-built structures, you need to consider factors such as soil thickness, soil composition, soil sub layers, depth, type of displacement, range from the epicenter, and various architectural and engineering characteristics of the structures. </span>
Energy.
In cells, ATP is a source of energy. ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate which is present in every cell’s cytoplasm and nucleoplasm which is essential in all the physiological mechanisms. It is considered as the energy currency of life or the “molecular unit of currency”. It stores the energy that we need every day to do our daily undertakings. The primary function of ATP is to transport chemical energy within the body cells for metabolism. It is said that 1 moleculte of ATP is composed of 3 phosphate groups.<span> </span>
Ionic bonds involve a cation and an anion. The bond is formed when an atom, typically a metal, loses an electron or electrons, and becomes a positive ion, or cation. Another atom, typically a non-metal, is able to acquire the electron(s) to become a negative ion, or anion.
<u><em>Desert.</em></u>
<u><em>hope it helps!</em></u>