b is fastest, having the lowest activation energy (35 kJ) and is an exothermic reaction, releasing energy in the form of heat
c is slowest, having the highest activation energy (55 kJ) and is an endothermic reaction, taking in energy from its surroundings
The number of moles of a substance can be used to calculate its mass, the number of atoms present in the compound as well as the number of moles of individual atoms/ions in the compound.
The number of moles of a compound or ion is defined as the ratio of its mass to its molar mass. The number of moles of a substance is very important when performing stoichiometric calculations.
If you have the number of moles of a substance you can find;
- The mass of the substance
- The number of atoms or ions in the substance
- The number of moles of individual atoms/ ions in the substance.
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The first ionization and second ionization of an atom are similar in following ways:
1. Both ionizations involve atom and energy
2. Both lose an electron.
The difference between first and second ionization of an atom is that both started and ended with different ions/atom.
CH₃-CH(-CH₃)-CH(-CH₃)-CH₃
2,3-dimethyl-1-butane
Explanation:
We have the following chemical reaction:
CH₂=C(-CH₃)-CH(-CH₃)-CH₃ + H₂ → CH₃-CH(-CH₃)-CH(-CH₃)-CH₃
So 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene will react with hydrogen to produce 2,3-dimethyl-1-butane.
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hydrogenation of double bonds in organic compounds
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The balanced chemical reaction is written as :
Na2CO3<span> + 2HCl === 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
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We are given the amount of NaCl to be produced from the reaction. This will be the starting point for the calculations. We do as follows:
120 g NaCl ( 1 mol / 58.44 g) ( 1 mol Na2CO3 / 2 mol NaCl)( 105.99 g / 1 mol ) = 1108.82 g Na2CO3 needed