P waves<span> are produced by all earthquakes. They are compression </span>waves<span> that </span>form <span>when rocks break due to pressure in the Earth. S </span>waves<span> are secondary </span>waves<span> that are also created during an earthquake. They travel at a slower speed than the </span>p-waves<span>.
S waves are the waves that come after the earthquake and P waves
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Answer:
14778.29 N
Explanation:
Diameter, d=10.1mm= ![10.1*10^{-3}m](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=10.1%2A10%5E%7B-3%7Dm)
Since stress,
where F is force, A is area and since specimen is cylindrical,
A=
Therefore, ![\sigma= \frac {F}{\pi*(0.5d)^{2}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csigma%3D%20%5Cfrac%20%7BF%7D%7B%5Cpi%2A%280.5d%29%5E%7B2%7D%7D)
Also strain
where L is length
Poison’s ratio,v is the ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain hence
V= ![-\frac {\epsilon_{x}}{\epsilon_{z}}= \frac {\triangle dl_{o}}{d \triangle l}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-%5Cfrac%20%7B%5Cepsilon_%7Bx%7D%7D%7B%5Cepsilon_%7Bz%7D%7D%3D%20%5Cfrac%20%7B%5Ctriangle%20dl_%7Bo%7D%7D%7Bd%20%5Ctriangle%20l%7D)
From Hooke’s law, ![\sigma=E \epsilon_{z}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csigma%3DE%20%5Cepsilon_%7Bz%7D)
Conclusively, ![E* \epsilon_{z}=E* \frac {- \epsilon_{x}}{v}=\frac {F}{\pi*(0.5d)^{2}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E%2A%20%5Cepsilon_%7Bz%7D%3DE%2A%20%5Cfrac%20%7B-%20%5Cepsilon_%7Bx%7D%7D%7Bv%7D%3D%5Cfrac%20%7BF%7D%7B%5Cpi%2A%280.5d%29%5E%7B2%7D%7D)
![\frac {4F}{ \pi *d^{2}}=- \frac {E \triangle d}{vd}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%20%7B4F%7D%7B%20%5Cpi%20%2Ad%5E%7B2%7D%7D%3D-%20%5Cfrac%20%7BE%20%5Ctriangle%20d%7D%7Bvd%7D)
F=![- \frac {\pi *Ed \triangle d}{4v}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-%20%5Cfrac%20%7B%5Cpi%20%2AEd%20%5Ctriangle%20d%7D%7B4v%7D)
F=
= 14778.29N
Therefore, required force F is 14778.29 N
Explanation:
Below is an attachment containing the solution.
5m/s
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Mass of ball = 0.1kg
Force on the ball = 5N
time taken = 0.1s
Unknown:
final speed of the ball = ?
Solution:
According to newton's second law "the net force on a body is the product of its mass and acceleration".
Force = mass x acceleration equation 1
Acceleration =
V is the final velocity
U is the initial velocity
T is the time taken
U = O since it is a stationary body;
a = ![\frac{V}{T}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7BV%7D%7BT%7D)
Input "a" into equation 1
F = m x ![\frac{V}{T}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7BV%7D%7BT%7D)
5 = 0.1 x ![\frac{V}{0.1}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7BV%7D%7B0.1%7D)
V = 5m/s
learn more:
Newton's laws brainly.com/question/11411375
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