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An atom is stable if the forces among the particles that makeup the nucleus are balanced. An atom is unstable (radioactive) if these forces are unbalanced; if the nucleus has an excess of internal energy. Instability of an atom's nucleus may result from an excess of either neutrons or protons.
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Mutations may or may not affect the phenotype because they can occur in coding or non coding areas of the DNA. If they occur in coding areas of the DNA, the protein that is coded in that part could be processed incompletely or have a different amino-acid in some part of its structure, this would affect the phenotype. If they occur in non coding areas, this would have no effect on the phenotype.
two molecules or moieties combine to form one single molecule, together with the loss of a small molecule. When this small molecule is water, it is known as a dehydration reaction; other possible small molecules lost are hydrogen chloride, methanol, or acetic acid.
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No, it did not rain today in Texas.
Your right J is sexual reproduction, and K is asexual reproduction. But sexual reproduction requires the presences of a male and a female. But other asexual reproduction doesn't, and just requires sexual maturity. They produce offspring in the form of spores for example.