“Biome” and “ecosystem” are words sometimes used interchangeably to describe a specific type of environment, but this is an erroneous conflation. While the exact nature of the world’s biomes is a matter of some debate, they relate to one another in that they both break the globe down into smaller components based on features of the environment.
Biome Types
No official biome count exists. According to the University of Santa Barbara, some scientists only recognize aquatic, desert, forest, grassland and tundra biomes. Other lists include several more, distinguishing between temperate forests, tropical rainforests and tropical dry forests, for example. Others might break down the aquatic biome into freshwater, freshwater wetlands, marine, coral reef and estuary biomes. More distinct biome types include mountain or alpine biomes, island biomes -- often associated with the marine or ocean biome -- and the chaparral, which describes flat areas, rocky hills and mountain slopes.
Ecosystem Components
Ecosystems can be very small, sometimes no larger than a single puddle. An ecosystem is not a place like a biome is, but rather the set of interactions between the living things in that place. The way the plants, animals and other living organisms such as bacteria and funguses interact with the resources of that ecosystem -- water, sunlight and soil, for instance -- determine how the ecosystem functions.
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Answer:
A limiting factor is anything that constrains a population's size and slows or stops it from growing. Some examples of limiting factors are biotic, like food, mates, and competition with other organisms for resources. Others are abiotic, like space, temperature, altitude, and amount of sunlight available in an environment. Limiting factors are usually expressed as a lack of a particular resource. For example, if there are not enough prey animals in a forest to feed a large population of predators, then food becomes a limiting factor. Likewise, if there is not enough space in a pond for a large number of fish, then space becomes a limiting factor. There can be many different limiting factors at work in a single habitat, and the same limiting factors can affect the populations of both plant and animal species. Ultimately, limiting factors determine a habitat's carrying capacity, which is the maximum size of the population it can support.
Explanation:
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/limiting-factors/?q=&page=1&per_page=25
An earthworm is a terrestrial invertebrate that belongs to the phylum Annelida. They exhibit a tube-within-a-tube body plan, are externally segmented with corresponding internal segmentation, and usually have setae on all segments. They occur worldwide where soil, water, and temperature allow. Earthworms are commonly found in soil, eating a wide variety of organic matter. This organic matter includes plant matter, living protozoa, rotifers, nematodes, bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. An earthworm's digestive system runs the length of its body. It respires through its skin. It has a double transport system made of coelomic fluid that moves within the fluid-filled coelom and a simple, closed circulatory system. It has a central and peripheral nervous system. Its central nervous system consists of two ganglia above the mouth, one on either side, connected to a nerve running along its length to motor neurons and sensory cells in each segment. Large numbers of chemoreceptors concentrate near its mouth. Circumferential and longitudinal muscles edging each segment let the worm move. Similar sets of muscles line the gut, and their actions move digesting food toward the worm's anus.
Earthworms are hermaphrodites: each carries male and female sex organs. As invertebrates, they lack a true skeleton, but maintain their structure with fluid-filled coelom chambers that function as a hydrostatic skeleton.
On the surface, crawling speed varies both within and among individuals. Earthworms crawl faster primarily by taking longer "strides" and a greater frequency of strides. Larger Lumbricus terrestris worms crawl at a greater absolute speed than smaller worms. They achieve this by taking slightly longer strides but with slightly lower stride frequencies.
Touching an earthworm, which causes a "pressure" response as well as a response to the dehydrating quality of the salt on human skin, stimulates the subepidermal nerve plexus which connects to the intermuscular plexus and causes the longitudinal muscles to contract. This causes the writhing movements observed when a human picks up an earthworm. This behaviour is a reflex and does not require the CNS; it occurs even if the nerve cord is removed. Each segment of the earthworm has its own nerve plexus. The plexus of one segment is not connected directly to that of adjacent segments. The nerve cord is required to connect the nervous systems of the segments.
The giant axons carry the fastest signals along the nerve cord. These are emergency signals that initiate reflex escape behaviours. The larger dorsal giant axon conducts signals the fastest, from the rear to the front of the animal. If the rear of the worm is touched, a signal is rapidly sent forwards causing the longitudinal muscles in each segment to contract. This causes the worm to shorten very quickly as an attempt to escape from a predator or other potential threat. The two medial giant axons connect with each other and send signals from the front to the rear.
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Answer:
Physical changes can easily be reversed but chemical changes cannot because in physical change only state is changed while in chemical change, new substances are formed. For example, when water in liquid form is condensed, it changes into solid form (ice). It is a physical change because water in liquid and solid have the same chemical formula only arrangement of molecules are different. Burning of wood is a chemical change because new substances i. e. carbondioxide and heat is produced.
