1 dozen = 12
144 / 12 = 12 dozen
12 dozen/ 3 = 4
They need 4 times the amount of flour:
3 1/4 x 4 = 13
They need 13 cups of flour
3/5 and 6/8 are not proportional as even though 3 goes into 6 evenly, 5 does not go into 8 evenly so that makes it disproportional.
Answer:
Answer for b is BFC and CFD
Answer for c is BFD and BFA
Answer for d is BFD and AFE
I don't know about a sorry