1. Interphase is an important and the longest phase of the cell cycle during which the cell prepares for division by coping its DNA. It is metabolic phase of the cell, in which the cell grows, obtains nutrients and metabolizes them. There are three stages of interphase: G1 (the cell growth), S (replication of DNA, chromosomes are copied) and G2 (preparation for division). Without this phase, genetic material wouldn’t be ready for the process of meiosis and haploid gametes couldn’t be created.
2. Homologous chromosomes are the similar but not totally identical chromosome pairs that an organism receives from its two parents. During the prophase I of meiosis they pair up: each chromosome aligns with its homologue partner via link-chiasmata ( the two match up at corresponding positions). Those homologue pairs separate during a first stage of cell division (meiosis I-reduction of chromosomes number, from diploid to haploid), while sister chromatids separate during a second stage (meiosis II).
3. Crossing over is a process in which homologous chromosomes trade their parts. Crossing over is process of genetic recombination where DNA is cut and then repaired. Cut and repair of homologous chromosomes allow them to exchange some of their genetic information. As a consequence of crossing over, new arrangement of maternal and paternal alleles on the same chromosome is achieved. It is the way to create varations.
4. During the metaphase I, homologue pairs are lined up comparing to metaphase II where individual chromosomes are lined up. It is because during the meiosis I homologue pairs separate and chromosome number reduce from diploid to haploid. On the other hand, during the meiosis II, sister chromatids separate.
5. Nondisjunction is the consequence of cell division, where there is no properly separation. There are different forms of nondisjunction:
• failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes to separate in meiosis I,
• failure of sister chromatids to separate during meiosis II.
After nondisjunction, resulting daughter cells are with abnormal chromosome numbers -aneuploidy.
Insects are very common not only in today's world but also in ancient days. It is also estimated that the population of insect are 10 times more than thehuman beings. It is little bloodcurdling to hear but it is the fact. They are found in all parts of the world even in the ocean. Insects are astonishing creatures it is quite interesting to learn about them. Insects are very advantageous to man and his environment.
Insects are small species that is characteristic as an air breathing animal with a hard jointed exoskeleton. The whole body of the insects is divided into three parts: The head, thorax, and the abdomen.
Insects are classified into different known species in the world but still some new species are being discovered. The known species can be classified into 32 orders with 125 different families and about 500,000 species. Among them the Beetles are the largest group. Insects act as the varied group in the animal world.
Many insects act as the primary consumers for other animals since they are herbivores. These insects are rich in protein and energy which they provide to the secondary consumers also known as carnivores. Spiders, wireworms etc, act as the secondary consumers which cannot survive without depending on the primary consumers. Both the primary and secondary act as the prey to the tertiary consumers.
Insects help with a lot of important functions in our ecosystem. Mainly they help in decomposition of the waste products and pollination. These two acts of the insects led a greener environment. Decomposition of dead and waste materials provides more nutrients to the soil thus helping the soil to regain its health. Bugs such as ants, beetles burrow the soil to provide channels for water and air ventilation to the soil. Bees help in pollution thus helping in plantation. Bugs help the gardeners by preventing the plants from aphids and caterpillars. So without insects the world would not have see a fast growth that the way it is today.
Insects are exceedingly a diverse type of animal. The structure of the insects varies greatly with the different types of species. But the basic anatomy of the insect is the same. All the insects have an external exoskeleton and the body is divided into three major segments: head, thorax, and abdomen
Answer:
Oxygen + Sugar → Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
Answer:
Neutrons are sub-atomic particles located in the nucleus of an atom. They have an atomic mass of one unit and have no charge.
Explanation:
