The southern democrats chose Kentucky politician, John Breckinridge. He served as Vice President under President Buchanan and when the Civil war broke out enlisted in the Confederate Army, he then was appointed as Confederate Secretary of War. He was seen as one of the most pronoun traitors of the war, he as Presient Davis (CSA) had very different views on terms of surrender. Breckinridge wasnt going to risk loosing tens of thousands of more men whereas davis sought to continue the fight Breckenridge became dissillusioned and knew the south couldnt sustain a prolonged conflict. He was one of the first Southern politicians to begin drafting terms of surrender.
The main idea of the Ninth Amendment addresses rights to people that are not specifically in listed in the Constitution.
Philosophy it depends on what your learning in class but mainly you should go for Daoism