A common way that humans pollute water is through the addition of nutrients (fertilizers and sewage) to water as nonpoint source pollution. These added materials are full of nitrogen and phosphorus, two nutrients that encourage the growth of aquatic producers, such as algae.
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The root cap is a small structure but one that serves a very important function for a plant. Protecting the root apical meristem allows for primary growth in the root, which paves the way for lengthening of the plant as well as cell specialization.