1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Elina [12.6K]
3 years ago
8

What is the enthalpy change (in kj) of a chemical reaction that raises the temperature of 250.0 ml of solution having a density

of 1.25 g/ml by 9.20 ∘c? (the specific heat of the solution is 3.74 j/g⋅k.)?
Chemistry
2 answers:
FinnZ [79.3K]3 years ago
4 0

The enthalpy change (in kJ) for the given solution is \boxed{{\text{329}}{\text{.82 kJ}}}

Further explanation:

The property is a unique feature of the substance that differentiates it from the other substances. It is classified into two types:

1. Intensive properties:

These are the properties that depend on the nature of the substance. These don't depend on the size of the system. Their values remain unaltered even if the system is further divided into a number of subsystems. Temperature, refractive index, concentration, pressure, and density are some of the examples of intensive properties.

2. Extensive properties:

These are the properties that depend on the amount of the substance. These are additive in nature when a single system is divided into many subsystems. Mass, enthalpy, volume, energy, size, weight, and length are some of the examples of extensive properties.

Enthalpy:

It is a thermodynamic property that is defined as the sum of internal energy and product of pressure (P) and volume (V) of the system. It is a state function, an extensive property, and is independent of the path followed by the system while moving from initial to the final point. The total enthalpy of the system cannot be measured directly so its change \left({\Delta{\text{H}}}\right) is usually measured.

The enthalpy change \left({\Delta{\text{H}}}\right)can have two values:

Case I: If the reaction is endothermic, more energy needs to be supplied to the system than that released by it. So \Delta{\text{H}} comes out to be positive.

Case II: If the reaction is exothermic, more energy is released by the system than that supplied to it. So \Delta{\text{H}} comes out to be negative.

Specific heat is the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of any substance per unit mass. Specific heat capacity is also known as or mass specific heat. Its SI unit is Joule (J).

The formula to calculate the heat energy of any substance is as follows:

{\text{Q}}={mc\Delta T}}                       …… (1)

Here,

Q is the amount of heat transferred.

m is the mass of the substance.

c is the specific heat of the substance.

{\Delta T}} is the change in temperature of the system.

The formula to calculate the density of the solution is as follows:

{\text{Density of solution}}=\frac{{{\text{Mass of solution}}}}{{{\text{Volume of solution}}}}               ….. (2)

Rearrange equation (2) for the mass of the solution.

{\text{Mass of solution}}=\left({{\text{Density of solution}}}\right)\left({{\text{Volume of solution}}}\right)        …… (3)

The density of the solution is 1.25 g/mL.

The volume of solution is 250 mL.

Substitute these values in equation (3).

\begin{gathered}{\text{Mass of solution}}=\left({\frac{{{\text{1}}{\text{.25 g}}}}{{1\;{\text{mL}}}}}\right)\left({{\text{250 mL}}}\right)\\={\text{312}}{\text{.5 g}}\\\end{gathered}

The temperature change \left({\Delta{\text{T}}}\right) is to be converted to K. The conversion factor for this is,

{\text{0 }}^\circ{\text{C}}={\text{273 K}}

So {\Delta T}} can be calculated as follows:

\begin{gathered}{\text{Temperature}}\left({\text{K}}\right)=\left( {9.2+273}\right)\;{\text{K}}\\=282.2\;{\text{K}}\\\end{gathered}

The mass of the solution is 312.5 g.

The specific heat of the solution is 3.74\;{\text{J/g K}}.

{\Delta T}} of the system is 282.2 K.

Substitute these values in equation (1).

\begin{gathered}{\text{Q}}=\left({{\text{312}}{\text{.5 g}}}\right)\left({\frac{{3.74\;{\text{J}}}}{{\left({{\text{1 g}}}\right)\left({{\text{1 K}}}\right)}}}\right)\left({282.2\;{\text{K}}}\right)\\=329821.25\;{\text{J}}\\\end{gathered}

The enthalpy change is to be converted into kJ. The conversion factor for this is,

{\text{1 J}}={10^{-3}}\;{\text{kJ}}

So the enthalpy change can be calculated as follows:

\begin{gathered}{\text{Q}}=\left({329821.25\;{\text{J}}}\right)\left({\frac{{{{10}^{-3}}\;{\text{kJ}}}}{{{\text{1 J}}}}}\right)\\=329.82125\;{\text{kJ}}\\\approx{\text{329}}{\text{.82 kJ}}\\\end{gathered}

Therefore, the enthalpy change of the given reaction is 329.82 kJ.

Learn more:

1. What is the equilibrium constant of pure water at  ? brainly.com/question/3467841

2. 1. Calculate   for the reaction using Hess law: brainly.com/question/11293201

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Thermodynamics

Keywords: intensive, extensive, enthalpy, mass of solution, amount of heat transferred, Q, m, c, given mass, molar mass, enthalpy change, 329.82 kJ, enthalpy change, density of solution, mass of solution, volume of solution, conversion factor, 250 mL, 1.25 g/mL.

Pepsi [2]3 years ago
3 0
<span>250 ml * 1.25 g/ml * 3.74 j/g-K * 9.2 K = 10.752 kJ Pretty much, all you need to do here is multiply all of these out to get your final answer. Not all questions are this easy, but this is certainly one of them.</span>
You might be interested in
match the following items......(1. used in engines and rockets souring 2. a type of slow combustion respiration 3. a chemical ch
mezya [45]
1. Rapid combustion - <span>used in engines and rockets souring. Large amount of energy produced.
</span>2. R<span>espiration - </span><span>a type of slow combustion. Organic matter is transfered into energy and carbon dioxide.
3. Soaring - a chemical change. A</span>cidification of milk into soured milk.<span>
4. Oxidation - electron loss when combining with another element. Metals gave electrons to nonmetals and became cations.
5. C</span>alcium - element in bone which absorbs X-rays. Calcium increases the photoelectric effect<span> which increase absorption of X-rays.
6. P</span>hotosynthesis reaction in which the product is glucose. Plants produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Determine the rate law, including the values of the orders and rate law constant, for the following reaction using the experimen
stich3 [128]

The given equation: Q + X ---> Products


4 0
2 years ago
What Household item turns electrical energy into radiant energy
luda_lava [24]

Answer:

Lamps and televisions

Explanation:

I think those qualify.

6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Why do warm currents begin near the equator?
r-ruslan [8.4K]

Answer:

I would go with A

Explanation:

Because the earths equator is warmed by most direct rays of the sun, air a the equator is hotter than air further north or the south. The hotter air rises up at the equator and as colder air moves in to take its place, the wind begins to blow and push the ocean into waves and currents

5 0
2 years ago
What organic product would you expect from the reaction of ethylmagnesium bromide (CH3CH2MgBr) with H2O.
tatyana61 [14]

Answer:

It would produce ethane (CH₃CH₃)

Explanation:

Ethylmagnesium bromide (CH₃CH₂MgBr) is a Grignard's reagent.

It is a highly reactive substance, and as any alkylmagnesium bromide

(R-CH₂MgBr) it reacts with water to produce an alkane (R-CH₃). R stands for any carbon structure bonded to that functional group.

5 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Paint thinners, gasoline, and glue are common forms of ___________
    9·1 answer
  • a 20.4 g aluminum sphere and a 49.4 g iron sphere are both added to 75.2 mL of water contained in a graduated cylinder. what is
    10·2 answers
  • What is the approximate pH at the equivalence point of a weak acid-strong base titration if 25 mL of aqueous formic acid require
    6·2 answers
  • Calculate the molarity of a solution that contains 3.00 grams Na2SO4 in 25 mL of solution.
    5·1 answer
  • What happens if the earth was with no water on the surface?
    6·2 answers
  • Vitamin C contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. When a 1.00 g was combusted, 1.4991 g of CO2 and 0.4092 g of H2O were obta
    8·1 answer
  • Aquien le elimina las respuestas
    15·1 answer
  • CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 Calculate the theoretical yield of Calcium Oxide if 24.8 grams of Calcium Carbonate decomposes. Calculate the
    11·1 answer
  • Water can take on three forms which include ice, water, and water vapor. Which states of matter match these three forms of water
    14·2 answers
  • Which chemical or physical change is a endothermic process
    5·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!