Question

Liang Company began operations on January 1, 2017. During its first two years, the company completed a number of transactions involving sales on credit, accounts receivable collections, and bad debts. These transactions are summarized as follows. 2017 Sold $1,351,700 of merchandise (that had cost $981,800) on credit, terms n/30. Wrote off $21,500 of uncollectible accounts receivable. Received $670,400 cash in payment of accounts receivable. In adjusting the accounts on December 31, the company estimated that 3.00% of accounts receivable will be uncollectible. 2018 Sold $1,586,800 of merchandise on credit (that had cost $1,326,300), terms n/30. Wrote off $25,300 of uncollectible accounts receivable. Received $1,182,900 cash in payment of accounts receivable. In adjusting the accounts on December 31, the company estimated that 3.00% of accounts receivable will be uncollectible. Required: Prepare journal entries to record Liang’s 2017 and 2018 summarized transactions and its year-end adjustments to record bad debts expense. (The company uses the perpetual inventory system and it applies the allowance method for its accounts receivable.) (Round your intermediate calculations to the nearest dollar amount.)

Answer 1

Answer:

Liang Company

Journal entries to record Liang’s 2017 and 2018 summarized transactions and its year-end adjustments to record bad debts expense (using the perpetual inventory system and applying allowance method for accounts receivable)

1. 2017 Journal entries:

Debit Accounts Receivable with $1,351,700

Credit Sales Account with $1,351,700

To record sales on credit, terms n/30.

Debit Cost of Goods Sold with $981,800

Credit Inventory Account with $981,800

To record cost of goods sold.

Debit Uncollectible Expense Account with $2,150

Credit Accounts Receivable with $2,150

To write off uncollectible accounts receivable.

Debit Cash with $670,400

Credit Accounts Receivable with $670,400

To record cash received on account.

December 31:

Debit Uncollectible Expense Account with $20,374.50

Credit Allowance for Uncollectible Account with $20,374.50

To record 3% allowance for accounts receivable balance.

2. 2018 Journal entries:

Debit Accounts Receivable with $1,586,800

Credit Sales Account with $1,586,800

To record sales on credit, terms n/30.

Debit Cost of Goods Sold with $1,326,300

Credit Inventory Account with $1,326,300

To record cost of goods sold.

Debit Allowance for Uncollectible Account with $25,300

Credit Accounts Receivable with $25,300

To write off uncollectible accounts receivable.

Debit Cash with $1,182,900

Credit Accounts Receivable with $1,182,900

To record cash received on account.

December 31:

Debit Uncollectible Expense Account with $36,658

Credit Allowance for Uncollectible Account with $36,658

To bring the allowance for accounts receivable balance to 3%.

Explanation:

1. Using the perpetual inventory system where transactions are recorded to inventory immediately and not at period-end, the sales transactions will reduce the balance of the inventory account with the cost of sales and increase the cost of sales with the same amount.  The Sales account is increased by sales value while the Accounts Receivable is also increased with the same amount.

2. The write-off is initially charged to the uncollectible expense account directly in 2017 but subsequently, it will be debited to the Allowance of Uncollectible account, applying the allowance method.

3. The perpetual inventory system, inventory transactions are recognized in the inventory and cost of goods sold accounts immediately and not at period-end like the periodic inventory system, which waits until inventory count to recognize transactions.