Carbon dating is possible because radioactive carbon-14 undergoes beta decay to nitrogen-14. How does the nucleus of carbon-14 c
2 answers:
Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Radioactive reaction for given carbon atom is as follows.
It is known that in a beta decay, a neutron tends to convert into a proton along with emission of a high energy electron which is ejected from the nucleus of the atom in the form of beta particle.
Basically, a beta decay occurs when there are many neutrons present inside a nucleus as compared to the protons.
Also, when there is more difference in the ratio or number of protons and neutrons then nucleus of the atom becomes unstable in nature. This unstability is caused due to greater repulsion between the like charges of sub-atomic particles.
As a result, this force of repulsion becomes greater than the binding energy. And, this force is known as the weak force because it is unable to bind the neutrons and protons together.
Thus, we can conclude that a fundamental force which allows this conversion to occur is a neutron is converted into a proton; weak force.
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<u>Answer 2 :</u> The given electronic configuration for a neutral atom of phosphorous in its ground state is incorrect.
Explanation :
A neutral atom of phosphorous has 15 electrons.
The given electronic configuration is incorrect.
The reason is, According to Aufbau principle, the electrons will be first filled in the sub-shell having lower orbital energy. As from the given configuration, 3p sub-shell has lower orbital energy than 4s sub-shell. So, the electrons will be filled in 3p sub-shell first. Hence, the ground state electronic configuration of neutral atom of phosphorous is,
<u>Answer 3 :</u>
Element Rubidium Magnesium Aluminium
Symbol Rb Mg Al
Group number 1 2 13
Number of valence 1 2 3
electrons
The order of general reactivity on the basis of number of valence electrons.
Rb > Mg > Al
Reason : The reactivity is determined by the number of electrons present in the outermost shell that means the element which have 1 valence electron will be more reactive because they can easily lose electrons.