Answer:
Somatic mutations : option (A) and option (D).
Inherited mutations : option (B) and option (C).
Explanation:
Mutations are permanent changes in the genetic material due to alterations in DNA sequence. Mutations may be somatic or inherited (or germline).
Somatic mutations are those mutations that arise in somatic or normal body cells and cannot transfer from parents to their offspring. As skins cells and lung cells are somatic cells, option (A) and (D) represent somatic mutations.
Inherited mutations are those mutations that arise in sex cells (gamete forming cell) and transfer from parents to their offspring due to transfer as these cells form mutated gametes. As egg cells and sperms cells are sex cells, option (B) and (C) represent inherited mutations.
The options that are incorrect are A) representation of a complete set of a cell's polypeptides, B) the complete set of an organism's polypeptides, C) the complete set of a species' polypeptides, and D) karyotype, which makes E) the complete set of an organism's genes the correct answer to what defines a genome.
Weathering and erosion are similar in that they both work together to change and shape the Earth's surface. While weathering breaks rock and earth down, erosion is the displacement of the pieces and particles of rock and earth.
Exactly 989527/1048576, or approximately 94.37%
Since each trait is carried on a different chromosome, the two traits are independent of each other. Since both parents are heterozygous for the trait, each parent can contribute 1 of a possible 4 combinations of the alleles. So there are 16 possible offspring. I'll use "a", "A", "b", "B" to represent each allele and the possible children are aabb, aabB, aaBb, aaBB, aAbb, aAbB, aABb, aABB, Aabb, AabB, AaBb, AaBB, AAbb, AAbB, AABb, and AABB
Of the above 16 possibilities, there are 7 that are homozygous in an undesired traint and 9 that don't exhibit the undesired trait. So let's first calculate the probability of "what are the chances that all 5 children not exhibiting an undesired trait?" and then subtract that result from 1. So
1-(9/16)^5 = 1 - 59049/1048576 = 989527/1048576 which is approximately 0.943686485 = 94.3686485%
So the answer is exactly 989527/1048576, or approximately 94.37%
