Evidence for evolution, in other words evidence of common descent, include fossils, which have shown a (fairly) steady change in morphology over time for some species. An example would be horse hooves: we have fossils that show when they were still three toed, then two toed, then one toe in our present day horses. Another piece of evidence is vestigial organs. An example of vestigial organs is wings in some flightless birds, such as the kiwi. Their ancestors used it in order to fly across the marine barrier into New Zealand, but natural selection and random genetic drift made them quickly lose the ability to fly. Nonetheless, they still have their wings, however small. It can be assumed that eventually, their wings would be reduced to small stubs fused to other nearby bones, as has been observed in their cousins.
Answer:
From Hydrogen ion.
H+
Explanation:
It's is from hydrogen ion because majoroty of the electrons transport processes take place in the thylakoids membranes in a bid to produced ATP, Hydrogen ion is allow to move through thylakoid space and then backflow through the proteins embedded in the thylakoids membrane called ATP synthase, which produce ATP from ADP in the mitochondrial matrix and chloroplast stroma.
Lactase refers to an enzyme that can dissociate lactose sugar into glucose and galactose. This enzyme plays an important role in the digestion of milk that comprises high lactose sugar. In case, if a mutation occurs in the gene codon of lactase, then two possibilities can take place. These are as follows:
1. Loss of mutation: In this case, the person becomes lactose intolerant because of mutation in lactase gene codon. Due to this, there is low mRNA expression and thus low production of the enzyme lactase. This is also known as lactase non-persistent phenotype.
2. Gain in mutation: In this case, the person gain an increase in mRNA expression of the lactase gene, thus more production of lactase takes place than usual. This kind of individual exhibits lactase persistent phenotype.
