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3 years ago

Second messengers in signal transduction pathways:

Biology

1 answer:

alukav5142 [94]3 years ago

5 0

Explanation:

a) Second messengers are intracellular signalling molecules produced by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signalling molecules. Second messengers serve to transmit signals from a receptor to a target inside the cell. They also serve to amplify the strength of the signal.

b) Cyclic AMP (cAMP) and Calcium ions.

c) cAMP is involved in cAMP dependent pathway also known as adenylyl cyclase pathway. It is a signalling cascade that involves G protein coupled receptor that is used in cell communication.

Calcium ions are involved in phospholipase C pathway.

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horrorfan [7]

1. B 2. c. 3. B and im not sure about the other two

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An astronaut is in a sleeping bag attached to a wall. When astronauts sleep in space, they sleep in small cabins or in sleeping

Mnenie [13.5K]

Answer:

Free fall.

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Photosynthesis transforms blank into chemical energy by blank sugars. Cellular respiration releases the blank from food by blank

creativ13 [48]

Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration, both cellular processes are important for life, however, we need to understand what happens to confirm this information....

<h3>Photosynthesis</h3>

Most life on Earth depends on photosynthesis. The process is carried out by plants, algae, and some types of bacteria, which capture energy from sunlight to produce oxygen (O2) and chemical energy stored in glucose (a sugar). Herbivores then obtain this energy by eating plants, and carnivores obtain it by eating herbivores.

Inside the plant cell are small organelles called chloroplasts, which store the energy of sunlight. Within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast is a light-absorbing pigment called chlorophyll, which is responsible for giving the plant its green color. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll absorbs energy from blue- and red-light waves, and reflects green-light waves, making the plant appear green.

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Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.

One objective of the degradation of foodstuffs is to convert the energy contained in chemical bonds into the energy-rich compound adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which captures the chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes.

With this information, we can say that photosynthesis transforms solar energy into chemical energy through sugars. Cellular respiration releases energy from food through sugars.

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