Answer:
When helicase mutations occur, problems in DNA replication are found. The helicases are proteins that open the 2 strands of DNA to initiate the duplication, they are responsible for breaking the hydrogen bonds between the two DNA chains, thus separating the chains, also they have the function of repairing DNA mutations, if there is mutation in the gene that encodes them, various functions will be absent in the cell.
Although it's rare, with the odds of getting struck in your lifetime being roughly 1 in 12,000, every now and then a human will provide an attractive target for lightning bolts to unleash their power. And of the roughly 500 people who are struck by lightning each year, about 90 percent survive.
Answer:
"without light energy from the sun, photosynthesis would still occur" is completely false. Light energy is needed for the light-dependent reactions, or simply the light reactions, of photosynthesis.
"oxygen is an input into photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is an output" is also completely false. It is the opposite.
These statements are true, however:
SUNLIGHT
CARBON DIOXIDE
WATER
MINERALS
OXYGEN
PLANT SUGARS
Carbon dioxide enters the leaves through stomata (tiny holes) in the leaves.
Sunlight is an input, CO2 is an input, water is an input (taken in through the roots, transported through the veins), minerals are a collective input, oxygen is an output (produced during photolysis), and plant sugars are an output (glucose, for an example).
Answer:
b) opening calcium pores in the membrane
Explanation:
The opening of calcium ions channels facilitates the migration of vesicles containing neurotransmitters in the pre-synaptic neurons to the tip of the post-synaptic membrane. at the <u>neuromuscular junction </u>These neurotransmitters can either be <u>cholinergic or non-chorlinergic.</u> <u>At the tip of the pre-synaptic membranes the vesicles empty their neurotransmitter contents into the synapse.</u>
The neurotransmitters, diffuse through the neuromuscular junction to bind with the receptors on the <u>post-synaptic membrane on the post-synaptic neuron.</u> This stimulates opening of<u> ligand gated sodium ions,</u> and sodium ions diffuse into the post-synaptic neuronal membrane, to cause <u>depolarization</u>. if the stimulus is up to the threshold levels it generate action potential.
Therefore , more calcium ions channels opening produces; more diffusion of neurotransmitters;leading to opening of more sodium channels for depolarization; and IPSP or EPSP generation.
