luconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms.[2] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In ruminants, this tends to be a continuous process.[3] In many other animals, the process occurs during periods of fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise. The process is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or GTP, effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Gluconeogenesis is also a target of therapy for type 2 diabetes, such as the antidiabetic drug, metformin, which inhibits glucose formation and stimulates glucose uptake by cells.[4] In ruminants, because dietary carbohydrates tend to be metabolized by rumen organisms, gluconeogenesis occurs regardless of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, exercise, etc.[5]
I believe the answer would be centrosome. not too sure but hope this helps. :)
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-D.
Explanation:
In eukaryotes, the process of transcription takes place inside the nucleus whereas translation takes place in the cytosol. So, mRNA has to export to the cytosol from the nucleus.
Before export, the post-transcriptional modification takes place like 5' capping, 3' tailing and splicing mechanism.
The capping is done at 5' end by adding modified guanine (G) nucleotide which protects the mRNA from exonuclease activity and tailing is done at 3' end by adding adenine nucleotides which provides stability to the mRNA.Splicing removes the junk DNA called introns and joins the exons before export.
Thus, option-D is the correct answer.
HIV is the only disease listed here to be sexually transmitted.
-Tiara
1. Eukrayotes cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, while prokaryotes cells do not.
2. Eukaryotes are often multicellular whilst prokaryotes are unicellular. Although there are some exceptions –unicellular eukaryotes include amoebas, paramecium, yeast.
hope this helps!
