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Roman55 [17]
3 years ago
10

Write a Scheme function called "sum" which takes an input function func and a nonnegative number n and outputs the value

Computers and Technology
1 answer:
solong [7]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

function sum(number) {

      if (number == 1) {

             return 1;

      }

      return number + sum(number -1);

}

Explanation:

This is a recursive function, it means that is a function that calls itself for example: if you call the function with sum(5) the process is :

sum(5)

   |______ 5 + sum(4)

                           |_______ 4 + sum(3)

                                                       |______ 3 + sum(2)

                                                                                   |_____2 + sum(1)

                                                                                                        |_____ 1

                                                                                                 

the result is 1+2+3+4+5 = 15

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Create a program which will input data into a pipe one character at a time. Count the number of characters as they are written i
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Answer:

a)

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<fcntl.h>

#include<unistd.h>

 

#define BUFSIZE 16

int main(){

   //pipe descriptors

   char msg[BUFSIZE];

   char buf[BUFSIZE];

   int pipefd[2];

   if(pipe(pipefd) == -1){

       //pipe creation error

       perror("pipe");

       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

   }

   //pipe creation successfull

   //write four messages

   sprintf(msg , "apple");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Written %s\n", msg);

   sprintf(msg , "boy");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Written %s\n", msg);

   sprintf(msg , "cat");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Written %s\n", msg);

   sprintf(msg , "dog");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Written %s\n", msg);

   //read

   read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Read: %s\n", buf);

   read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Read: %s\n", buf);

   read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Read: %s\n", buf);

   read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

   printf("Read: %s\n", buf);

   close(pipefd[0]);

   close(pipefd[1]);

   return 0;

}

(b)

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<fcntl.h>

#include<unistd.h>

#include<wait.h>

#define BUFSIZE 16

int main(){

   //pipe descriptors

   char msg[BUFSIZE];

   char buf[BUFSIZE];

   int pipefd[2];

   if(pipe(pipefd) == -1){

       //pipe creation error

       perror("pipe");

       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

   }

   //pipe creation successfull

   //write four messages

   if(fork() == 0){

       //this is child

       //close unused write end

       close(pipefd[1]);

       read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

       printf("This is child process reading first message. Content is %s\n", buf);

       read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

       printf("This is child process reading second message. Content is %s\n", buf);

       read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

       printf("This is child process reading third message. Content is %s\n", buf);

       read(pipefd[0], buf, BUFSIZE);

       printf("This is child process reading fourth message. Content is %s\n", buf);

       close(pipefd[0]);

       //exit from child

       exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

   }

   //this is parent process

   //close unused read end

   close(pipefd[0]);

   sprintf(msg , "apple");

   printf("This is parent process. Writing first message into pipe\n");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   sprintf(msg , "boy");

   printf("This is parent process. Writing second message into pipe\n");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   sprintf(msg , "cat");

   printf("This is parent process. Writing third message into pipe\n");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   sprintf(msg , "dog");

   printf("This is parent process. Writing fourth message into pipe\n");

   write(pipefd[1], msg, BUFSIZE);

   close(pipefd[1]);

   //wait for child

   wait(NULL);

   return 0;

}

(c)

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<fcntl.h>

#include<unistd.h>

#include<sys/wait.h>

#include<sys/types.h>

#include<signal.h>

typedef struct sigaction Sigaction;

unsigned long long size = 0;

void alarmhandler(int sig){

   //alarm fired writing blocked

   printf("Write blocked after %llu characters\n", size);

   exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

}

int main(){

   //pipe descriptors

   int pipefd[2];

   if(pipe(pipefd) == -1){

       //pipe creation error

       perror("pipe");

       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

   }

   //install handler

   sigset_t mask , prev;

   sigemptyset(&mask);

   sigaddset(&mask , SIGALRM);

   sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK , &mask , &prev);

   Sigaction new_action;

   sigemptyset(&new_action.sa_mask);

   new_action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;

   new_action.sa_handler = alarmhandler;

   sigaction(SIGALRM , &new_action , NULL);

   sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK , &prev, NULL);

   while(1){

     

       //print size on multiple of 4

       if(size != 0 && size % 1024 == 0){

           printf("%llu characters in pipe\n", size);

       }

       //reset previous alarm

       alarm(0);

       //set new alarm for 5 seconds

       alarm(5);

       //write to pipe one character

       write(pipefd[1], "A", sizeof(char));

       size++;

   }

   return 0;

}

Explanation:

Output for a, b, c are pasted accordingly

4 0
3 years ago
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